Voronezh is a large city in the south of Central Russia, not far from Ukraine. Voronezh is located on the Voronezh River, twelve kilometers away from the emptying of Voronezh River into the Don.
Voronezh is the administrative center of Voronezh Oblast. It is an important railway junction (lines to Moscow, Rostov-on-Don, Kiev), as well as the center of Federal Route M4 "Kavkaz" (Moscow—Rostov-on-Don).
Voronezh's population was 848,752 in 2002 , 660,000 in 1970 , 447,000 in 1959; 344,000 in 1939 and 120,000 in 1926.
Voronezh is divided into six administrative districts: Kominternovsky, Leninsky, Levoberezhny, Sovetsky, Tsentralny, and Zheleznodorozhny.
History :
Voronezh was for the first time mentioned in Hypatian Codex under 1177; in 1585 was founded by tsar Feodo
r I as a fortress protecting the Russian state from the raids of Crimean and Nogay Tatars. However, settlements were present here since the Stone Age. The name Voronezh is also very old and its exact meaning is unknown.
In the 17th century, Voronezh became a considerable commercial and handicraft town. In 1648, an antifeudal insurrection took place in Voronezh. In 1695–1696 Tsar Peter the Great built a dockyard in Voronezh, where Azov fleet was under construction for the Azov campaign. During his reign Voronezh became the largest city of the Russian empire in the South and administrative centre of the large southern region.
Since 1711 Voronezh had been a centre of Azov province, since 1725 - Voronezh province, since 1779 - Voronezh namestnichestvo, since 1824 - Voronezh province. In the 18th–19th centuries Voronezh was a centre of chernozem agricultural region. Manufacturing industry (mills, tallow-melting, butter-making, soap, leather and other works) as well as bread, cattle, suet, hair trade were developing in the town. In XIX century a railway connected Voronezh with Rostov-on-Don (1868) and Moscow (1871).
Now Voronezh is the economical, industrial, cultural and scientific center of the so called Black Earth Region. In the city there are 7 theaters, 12 cinemas, 19 high schools; it is also home to Voronezh State University. The city's large student population includes many foreigners as foreign students in Russia usually take one year of Russian language in Voronezh before moving on to universities elsewhere. This has led in the past to tension between foreign students and the indigenous population.
As an industrial centre, Voronezh was integral to the Soviet aircraft construction industry, including the so-called Concordski Tupolev Tu-144.
In 1991-2000, Voronezh high in unemployment became a part of the Communist-voting region known as Russia's Red Belt.
Famous People :
Many famous people were born in Voronezh and not far from it. Among them poets and writers Platonov, Bunin, Koltsov, Nikitin, Marshak, Troepolskii; painters Kramskoi, Ge, Kuprin, the physicist Cherenkov; gymnasts Davydova, Tkachyov; the anarchist Voline, etc.
The Russian poet Osip Mandelstam was exiled to Voronezh after his arrest in 1934 and wrote a series of poems there collected under the title "Voronezh Notebooks".
The famous Russian punk band Sektor Gaza was founded in Voronezh.
Around Voronezh there are a lot of kurgans and other interesting archaeological objects. This article is licensed under the [GNU Free Documentation License]. It uses material from Wikipedia
Voronezh Image : comch.ru
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Voronezh is a large city in the south of Central Russia, not far from Ukraine. Voronezh is located on the Voronezh River, twelve kilometers away from the emptying of Voronezh River into the Don.