Surface: 1.001.449 km²
Population: 58.820.000 inhabitants
Density of population: 51 inhabitants/km²
Capital: Cairo
Official language: Arabian
Official currency: Egyptian lira
Imported products: grain, powder, wood, cars
Exported products: brut petroleum, cotton, textiles, oranges and rice
Brut Intern Product: 60.500 million $
State type: republic

Geographical Characteristics:
Over 90% of the surface is desert. Nile's delta is approximately 250 square km. The West desert is a plateau with a medium height of 200 m. Qattara, Farafra and Dakhla depressions became oases. The east desert is cut by many arid rivers valleys and continues with the Red Sea Mountains which have 2187 m in Gebel Shayib el Banat. The Sinai half-isle is situated in the north and is calcareous platea u. The south of Sinai is rocky and includes the highest peak of Egypt 2637 m in Gebel Katherina.

Climate :
Egypt is one of the hottest country in the world. In most of the regions the climate is arid and along the north-coast are rainfall of 10-20 cm per year. In some places it doesn't rain for over an year and when it rains is for a short period. In Alexandria the medium temperature is 15 Celsius degrees in January and 26 Celsius degrees in July. The totally amount of rainfall is 1.8 cm per year. The numbers for Assuan are 16 Celsius degrees, 34 Celsius degrees and 0 cm.

Egypt irrigation :
The irrigation is vital for Egypt. The Nile is the main source of water. The Assuan dam was ended in 1970 and guaranties a permanent irrigation.

Transport :
Egypt has 90.000 km of roads and 5.643 km of railways. Cairo is the central point of the transports. The naval transports is important on Nile. The Suez Channel has a length of 173 km, was opened in 1869 and receives annually over 17.000 ships. In 1975 it was made lower with 22 m and larger with 415 m.

Energy and Industry :
The petroleum produced is 44 millions tones per year. The refineries are in Alexandria and Suez. The natural gas production is over 160.000 terrajoules per year. 54% of electrical energy is produced in thermo-electric power centrals and the rest in hydro-electric stations. Egypt is independent regarding the energy alimentation. The manufactured industry is well developed in Cairo and in north especially cotton, wool, silk and synthetically fibers, food, chemicals, petroleum, cement and constructions industries. The most important industrial zones are near Cairo, Alexandria and Kafr el Dauwar and Suez Channel zone which is an industrial zone with no taxes. The tourism is very important in Cairo and along Nile.

Important Cities in Egypt:
99% of the people lives on the Nile's valleys and in delta's region. 49% of the people lives in cities. Cairo is the biggest city in Africa, is the administrative, financial and industrial center.

Alexandria was built by Alexander the Great in 332 BC and was the capital for over 1000 years and now is an important industrial center and a great port. The Lighthouse in Alexandria is one of the 7 wonders of the Ancient World.

Agriculture :
Over 45% of the people work in agriculture and 6% of Egypt surface can be used in this purpose. The most important plant is cotton, but they also cultivate sugar cane, corn, rice, grain, bean, potatoes and oranges. The Delta and the Valley of Nile are the most important agriculture regions. Also in Nasser lake and Nile is a important zone for fishing.

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Tags: cairo, arabian, egyptian lira, republic, gebel katherina	[edit tags]

Date Added: 14 November '06

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