Surface: 23.200 km²
Population: 421.000 inhabitants
Density of population: 18 inhabitants/km²
Capital: Djibouti or Jibuti (220.000 inhabitants)
Official language: French and Arabian
Official currency: Djiboutian Franc
Brut Intern Product: 748 $/inhabitant
State type: Republic
Geographical Characteristics
Djibouti is situated in the east part of Africa and the most of its surface is represented by low volcanic plateaus with a medium altitude of 400-500 m. In the south side, near the border there are some isolated mountains and the main are Massif de Goda (1.715 m) and Moussa Ali (2.015 m). The most representative territory in Djibouti is the tectonic depression in the north-centre of the country, parallel with the Red Sea. This depression is the lowest terrain in all Afr
ica with an altitude of -173m and here is the only place on Terra from where can be followed the movement of the continents.
Climate, Vegetation and Fauna
The climate in this country is represented by a tropical-arid type with a total rainfall of 200mm per year. The medium temperatures are over 30°C in most of the year. Because of the arid climate there are no rivers and most of the lakes are salted. The vegetation is specific for the desert and is represented by small bushes and cactus. The fauna is represented by dangerous snakes, scorpions and other small animals adapted for the desert climate.
Population and Cities
The country has 421.000 inhabitants, a birth-rate of 46.5‰, a mortality of 17.8‰. The urban population is near 78%. The main cities after the capital are: Dikhil, Tadjoura and Obock. The population is represented by Somali (isa and gadabursi 47%), Dankali (afar 37%) and other nationalities like French and Arabians. Over 66% of the population lives in the seaside territory. The main religion is Islam (94%) and other important is Catholicism.
State
Djibouti is a presidential monarchy according to The Constitution voted on the 15th of February 1981. The legislative activity is exerted by the president and the Deputy Chamber and the executive activity is exerted by president and the Ministry Council named by the president. The main political party is the Popular Collection for Progress but there are other 6 illegal parties and the main are: the Democratic Front for Djibouti's liberation, the Front for the Unity and Democracy and the Popular Movement for Djibouti's liberation.
Economy
The country has very poor resources and the surface is not very good for agriculture: only 1000 ha of land are cultivated. The economy is based on the value of the geographical position of the port-capital Djibouti which is a very important station for the routes which link Europe with Asia and also Eastern Africa with Australia and also is the main "gate" for the Ethiopian Commerce. 25 % of the population grows animals like cows, sheep and goats. The industry is not very developed: the Saudi Arabia built here a refinery for petroleum. Over 50% of the BIP is represented by the support from France.
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Surface: 23.200 km²