Surface: 143.998 km2
Population: 108.000.000 inhabitants
Density of population: 731 inhabitants/km˛
Capital: Dacca
Official language: Bengal
Official currency: taka
Imported products: car pieces, cars, chemical products, cereals, petroleum
Exported products: leather, tea, clothes, textile and fish products
Brut Intern Product: 19.500 million $
State type: republic
Forestry :
14% of the country is covered with forests, especially Chittagong Mountains. The main use of the wood is to produce fuel. There are large amounts of bamboos used for making paper. The Delta of Gange River has over 5.000 km˛ of mangrove forests and gewa trees.
Geographical Characteristics :
The country is situated in the biggest delta of the world, wher
e the rivers Gange, Padma, meghna, Brahmaputra and Jamuna flow into the sea. The earth is low, with swampy regions and has the risk of being flooded. Initially the region was covered with mangroves near the coast and tropical forests in the interior. Most of the forests in the interior of the country were cut with the purpose of making the earth cultivable.
Industry :
Bangladesh has deposits of minerals which are still unexplored. There are large deposits of coal in Rajshahi and Jamalpur and in the Bengal Golf it is extracted petroleum. The natural gas deposits are enough for 200 years, especially near Sylhet and Comilla. Mills of jute are in Dacca, Narayanganj, Chittagong and Khulna. In Chandraghana, Pabna and Khulna is produced wood. There have been developed textile, glass, petroleum, sugar, cement and aluminum industries. 90% of the electric energy is produced in the thermo-electric power centrals.
Agriculture :
70% of the population works in agriculture and almost 70% of the country’s surface is cultivated. People cultivate jute and rice. Jute is the main source of income from export, the amount produced is 700.000 tones, a quarter of the world’s total production. Half of the production is exported brut and the other part is used for carpets and other textures. Jute and rice grow in zones with many water and hot temperatures. 75% of the surface is used for sugar cultivation. The annual amount produced is 21 million tones. The tea production is approximately 40.000 tones. Bangladesh also cultivates potatoes, vegetables and tobacco. People grow 91 million birds, 23 million cows and 1.9 million buffalos. Fishing is another way of producing food.
Climate :
The country has a monsoon climate with three different types of seasons. The cold one is between November and February, the warm one between March and June and the rainy one between June and September. The rains are often in June, with a medium quantity of rainfall of 200 cm in depressions and 300 cm in the northern mountains. Between September and November the rains are less frequent in Dacca the medium temperatures are 18Celsius degrees in January, 29Celsius degrees in April, May and June and 28Celsius degrees when the rainy season starts.
Cities :
Only 13% of the population lives in the urban regions. In Dacca live over a quarter of the urban population. The major part of the country’s industry developed in this city. The second city as size is Chittagong, the most important port. It exports the biggest quantity of jute and has many hard industries. Khulna, the third city as size, is the regional center of the south-west of the country. Most of the people are poor and the people who work outside the country send money to their relatives in Bangladesh. That money are important for the economy of the country.
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