Surface: 2.776.889 km²
Population: 32.713.000 inhabitants
Density of population: 12 inhabitants/km²
Capital: Buenos Aires (11.382.000 inhabitants)
Official language: Spanish
Official currency: Peso Argentine
Exported products: meat, grain, soy, wine
Brut Intern Product: 2.370 $/inhabitant
State type: Presidential Republic
Geographical Characteristics :
Argentina is situated in the south of South America. The country has a length from north to south of 4.000 km. this fact influences the climate and the vegetation and also the anthrop activities. At the border with Chile there are the Andes Mountains. Their highest peak is Aconcagua Peak (6.959 m). The country also has Patagonia Plateaus in the south, with heights of 1.600 m in the west and 150
m to the Atlantic Ocean coast, and the plains: Pampa Plain (600.000 km²), Chaco Plain and Mesopotamia (Entre Rios) Plain in east and north.
Climate :
The climate is tropical in North and temperate in rest of the country with continental accents in Patagonia. In North-West in Puna de Atacama the aridity is very big. The country has the Parana River with a length of 4.500 km and it's affluent with the big Iguazu Waterfall and the Uruguay River with a length of 1.612 km. The last one has a huge estuary named Rio de la Plata. The vegetation is grassy and the wet tropical and temperate forests don’t miss. There are many national parks: Nahuel Huapi and Iguazu.
Population and Cities :
The country has 32.713.000 inhabitants. The birth rate is 21.7% and the death rate is 7.9%. 86% of the population lives in cities. The most important cities are: Cordoba (1.167.000 inhabitants), Rosario (1.093.000 inhabitants), Mendoza (729.000 inhabitants), La Plata (644.000 inhabitants), San Miguel de Tucuman (626.000 inhabitants) and Mar del Plata (523.000 inhabitants). Over 90% of the population is white: Spanish, Italian and others. The rest are Métis (2 millions) and Amerindians in the Chaco, Formosa and Chubut provinces. Most of the people live in the Rio de la Plata Estuary, the Pampei coast region and Parara Valley and they are Catholics (94%), Protestants and Mosaics.
State :
The country is a presidential republic according to the Constitution in 1853 and redone in 1983. The legislative activity is exerted by the President and a Bicameral Parliament and the executive by a cabinet leaded and chosen by the President. The political parties are 32 and some of them are: Justice Party, Radical Civic Union, Union of the Democratic Center, Republican Force, Communist Party and Popular Social Party.
Economy :
The country is one of the biggest world's producers and exporters of meat, grain, soy and wine. Argentina also has deposits of hydrocarbons, iron ore and uranium. Most of the electric energy is produced in the hydro-electric power stations. The processing industries are developed in Buenos Aires and other cities and they satisfy the internal needs, but on the extern side there is not a competitively one. Agriculture has a major contribution to the exports. People grow animals like cows and sheep in Pampa and Patagonia. They also cultivate cereals, tropical plants, grapes in the pre-Andean regions and oranges in north.
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